Plant Physiology and Metabolism

Paper Code: 
CBOT401
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to-

  1. To study the vital and the various metabolic activities in plants.
  2. To provide an overview of the plant biochemical and physiological processes that could be exploited both to reduce the environmental impact of modern agricultural practices and to develop strategies and tools to increase plant yield and quality and to illustrates knowledge of stress adaptations in biological systems.

 

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course Outcomes

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

 
 

At the end of the course the students will be able to:

CO27: Understand the methods and various mechanisms of plant water relations and the effect of minerals in plant growth.

CO28: Analyse different pathways of transport of solutes and understand the basic architechture of photosynthetic machinery.

CO29: Evaluate different pathways of fixation of energy & factors affecting them..

CO30:  Understand the mechanism of respiration in plants and assess its significance in synthesis of energy currency- ATP.    

CO31:  Evaluate the role of various PGRs on growth of plants in natural & field conditions    

Class Hours

Seminars

Tutorials

Group discussions and Workshops

Question Framing

 

 

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects

  
 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Plant and Water

Plant and Water: Diffusion, osmosis, water potential, DPD and its relation with OP & TP; Plasmolysis, imbibition, ascent of sap, transpiration: stomatal structure, mechanism and significance of transpiration.

Mineral nutrition: Role of micro and macro elements, ion uptake: chelating reagents and siderophores, deficiency and toxicity symptoms, hydroponics.

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Transport of Organic Substances

Transport of Organic substances: Mechanism of phloem transport, apoplast and symplast concept, source-sink relationship.

Photosynthetic machinery: Chloroplast structure, chlorophyll and accessory pigments, action and absorption spectra and enhancement effects, photosystems I and II

 

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Photosynthesis mechanism

Photosynthesis mechanism: photophosphorylation- cyclic and non-cyclic, Calvin cycle, C4 pathway, CAM plants, photorespiration, factors affecting photosynthesis.

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Respiration

Respiration: RQ, ATP-the biological energy currency, fermentation, glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron transport mechanism, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose phosphate pathway. 

 

12.00
Unit V: 
Growth and Development:

Growth and Development: Plant growth regulators- Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Abscisic acid, Ethylene: biosynthesis, chemistry, mechanism of action and their physiological roles, physiology of flowering: photoperiodism and vernalization, growth movements.

 

Essential Readings: 

·        Devlin, R. M., & Witham, F. H. (1987). Plant Physiology. Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth.

·        Mukherji, S., & Ghosh, A. K. (2020). a. La Vergne: New Central Book Agency.

·        Lawlor, D. W. (2001). Photosynthesis: Molecular, Physiological and Environmental Processes. Harlow: Longman scientific & technical.

·        Mohr, H., & Schopfer, P. (2011). Plant physiology. Berlin: Springer...

·        Pandey, S. N., & Sinha, B. K. (2018). Plant physiology. Noida: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

·        Sands, M. K. (1988). Problems in Plant Physiology. London: John Murray.

·        Srivastava, H. S. (2005). Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Meerut: Rastogi Publications.

·        Verma, S. K., & Verma, M. (2013). A Textbook of Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology: (For B. Sc. and M. Sc. Students of all Indian Universities). New Delhi: S. Chand & Co.

·        Verma, V. (2009). Textbook of Plant Physiology. New Delhi: Ane Books Pvt. Ltd.

·        Verma, V. (2016). Plant Physiology. U.K: Athena Academic.

·        Parashar, A. N., & Bhatia, K. N. (1994). Plant physiology. Jalandhar city: Trueman Book Co.

·        Willey, N. (2018). Environmental Plant Physiology. UNITed States: CRC Press.

·        Jain, V. K. (2000). Fundamental of Plant Physiology. India: S. Chand Limited.

·        Kochhar, S. L., Gujral, S. K. (2020). Plant Physiology: Theory and Applications. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.

Bhatla, S. C., A. Lal, M. (2018). Plant Physiology, Development and Metabolism. Germany: Springer Singapore.

References: 

Suggested Readings:

  • Hopkins, W. G., Hüner, N. P. A. (2009). Introduction to plant physiology. Honduras: Wiley.
  • Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I. M., Murphy, A. S., (2015). Plant Physiology and Development. UNITed States: Sinauer Associates, Incorporated, Publishers
  • Salisbury, F. B., & Ross, C. W. (2009). Plant physiology. Australia: Cengage Learning.
  • Lea, PJ and Leegood, RC. (1999). Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  • Stewart, P., & Globig, S. (2012). Plant physiology. Toronto: Apple Academic Press.

 

Journals:

  • Plant Physiology (American Society of Plant Biologists)
  • Journals of Plant Physiology (Elsevier)
  • International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry)
  • Annual Review of Plant Physiology (Annual Reviews, US)

·Physiologia Plantarum (Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society, Wiley Blackwell)

 

Academic Year: 
2023-2024
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