Plant Physiology and Biochemistry I

Paper Code: 
BOT 223
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to –

  1. To study the vital activities in plant and study of various metabolic activities in plants
  2. To know about absorption, translocation and utilization of water and other minerals
  3. To understand changes during growth process (germination to senescence)
  4. To understand various photosynthetic and respiratory cycles
  5.  To gain knowledge on biomolecules
  6.  To study thebehavior of plants under various environmental conditions
  7. To provide in depth understanding on the various laws governing the physiology of plants.
  8. To enhance the knowledge on physiology and biochemical aspects through series of experiments

Course Outcomes (COs):

     Course

Course Outcome

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

BOT 223

 
Plant Physiology & Biochemistry I

 

Upon completion of this course the students will be able to:

CO38:  Understand the process and significance of Photosynthesis, Respiration and Nitrogen metabolism

CO39: Learn about Sensory photobiology and know about the Plant Growth hormones (Auxins, Gibberellins. Cytokinins, Ethylene)

CO40: Associate and apply with the mechanistic view on plant environment interactions.

CO41:  Impart an insight into the various plant water relations with respect to various physiological processes. Take students to higher levels of learning about the mineral nutrition in plants and explain chemical properties and deficiency symptoms in plants

CO42: Acquire a pervasive understanding on the kingdoms of biomolecules, metabolites and pathways that are the prerequisites and consequences of physiological phenomenon for further manipulations.

CO43:  Develop hands on skills and techniques related to plant physiology so that they can design their own experiments

 

Class lectures

Seminars

Tutorials

Group discussions and Workshops

Question preparation

 

 

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects
 

 

12.00
UNIT I                                                                                                    

Plant-Water relations and Membrane transport: Soil water, diffusion and osmosis (DPD, OP, TP, and Water Potential), imbibition, Plasmolysis, ascent of sap, transpiration: stomatal structure, mechanism and significance of transpiration.

Mineral Nutrition: Role of micro and macro elements, ion uptake: chelating agents, siderophores

 

12.00
UNIT II                                                                                                  

Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic pigments , absorption and action spectrum, photo-oxidation, non-cyclic and cyclic transportation of electrons, proton gradient and photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle, structure of RUBISCO and regulation of its activity, control of Calvin cycle , C4 pathway and its significance, CAM pathway, differences between C3 and C4 plants and photorespiration.

 

12.00
UNIT III                                                                                                

Respiration: Anaerobic and aerobic respiration, fermentation, Respiratory Quotients, glycolysis, regulation of glycolysis, regulation of TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glyoxylate pathway, gluconeogenesis.   Phloem transport: Mechanism of phloem transport and translocation of sugars.          

 

12.00
UNIT IV                                                                                           

Signal transduction: Receptors: ion channel, G-proteins and enzyme linked, calcium-calmodulin cascade, signal transduction mechanisms with special reference to plant growth regulators.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Stress physiology: Plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, plant defense mechanisms against water stress, salinity stress, metal toxicity, freezing and heat stress, Role of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid

            

12.00
UNIT V                                                                                                    
Growth and Development: Plant growth regulators - Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Abscisic acid, Ethylene, – chemistry, biosynthesis, bioassay, mechanism of action and their physiological roles.

Photobiology: Phytochromes– their discovery, physiological roles and mechanism of action, Physiology of flowering: Photoperiodism and Vernalization.                                                                                                           

 

 

Essential Readings: 

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

·Dennis, DT; Turpin, DH; Lefebvre, DD and Layzell (eds.). 1997. Plant metabolism.

  • Devlin. 1997. Plant Physiology. East-West Press Pvy. Ltd.
  • Metabolism (2nd edition) 1997. Longman, Essex, England.
  • Galston, AW. 1994. Life Processes in Plants. Scientific American Library.
  • Gosh, AK. 2005. Plant Physiology. New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd., Calcutta.
  • Hopkins, WG. 2008. Introduction to Plant Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, USA.
  • Lawlor and David, W. 2001. Photosynthesis. Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.
  • Lea, PJ and Leegood, RC. 1999. Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  • Taiz and Lincoln. 2010. Plant Physiology. Panima Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  • Taiz, L and Zieger, E. 2010. Plant Physiology (2nd edition). Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers Massachusetts, USA.

 

Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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