Plant Physiology and Biochemistry I

Paper Code: 
BOT223
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to –

  1. To study the vital activities in plant and study of various metabolic activities in plants
  2. To know about absorption, translocation and utilization of water and other minerals
  3. To understand changes during growth process (germination to senescence)
  4. To understand various photosynthetic and respiratory cycles
  5.  To gain knowledge on biomolecules
  6.  To study thebehavior of plants under various environmental conditions
  7. To provide in depth understanding on the various laws governing the physiology of plants.
  8. To enhance the knowledge on physiology and biochemical aspects through series of experiments

Course Outcomes (COs):

     Course

Course Outcome

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

BOT 223

 
Plant Physiology & Biochemistry I

 

CO38:  Understand the process of Photosynthesis, Respiration and Nitrogen metabolism

CO39:  Learn about Sensory photobiology and know about the Plant Growth hormones (Auxins, Gibberellins. Cytokinins, Ethylene)

CO40:  Stress physiology – Responses of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses

CO41:  Understand Water relation of plants with respect to various physiological processes.

CO42:  Explain chemical properties and deficiency symptoms in plants

CO43:  Know about the basic principles of plant function, metabolism, secondary products, cell physiology & principles of growth & development

Class lectures

Seminars

Tutorials

Group discussions and Workshops

Question preparation

 

 

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects
 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Plant-Water relations and Membrane transport; Mineral Nutrition

Plant-Water relations and Membrane transport: Soil water, diffusion and osmosis (DPD, OP, TP, and Water Potential), imbibition, Plasmolysis, ascent of sap, transpiration: stomatal structure, mechanism and significance of transpiration.

Mineral Nutrition: Role of micro and macro elements, ion uptake: chelating agents, siderophores

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic pigments , absorption and action spectrum, photo-oxidation, non-cyclic and cyclic transportation of electrons, proton gradient and photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle, structure of RUBISCO and regulation of its activity, control of Calvin cycle , C4 pathway and its significance, CAM pathway, differences between C3 and C4 plants and photorespiration

12.00
Unit III: 
Respiration

Respiration: Anaerobic and aerobic respiration, fermentation, Respiratory Quotients, glycolysis, regulation of glycolysis, regulation of TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glyoxylate pathway, gluconeogenesis.   Phloem transport: Mechanism of phloem transport and translocation of sugars.           

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Signal transduction; Stress Physiology

Signal transduction: Receptors: ion channel, G-proteins and enzyme linked, calcium-calmodulin cascade, signal transduction mechanisms with special reference to plant growth regulators.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Stress physiology: Plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, plant defense mechanisms against water stress, salinity stress, metal toxicity, freezing and heat stress, Role of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid

 

12.00
Unit V: 
Growth and Development; Photobiology

Growth and Development: Plant growth regulators - Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Abscisic acid, Ethylene, – chemistry, biosynthesis, bioassay, mechanism of action and their physiological roles.

Photobiology: Phytochromes– their discovery, physiological roles and mechanism of action, Physiology of flowering: Photoperiodism and Vernalization

Essential Readings: 

·         Dennis, DT; Turpin, DH; Lefebvre, DD and Layzell (eds.). 1997. Plant.

·         Devlin. 1997. Plant Physiology. East-West Press Pvy. Ltd.

·         Metabolism (2nd edition). Longman, Essex, England.

·         Galston, AW. 1989. Life Processes in Plants. Scientific American Library.

·         Gosh, AK. 2005. Plant Physiology. New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd., Calcutta.

·         Hopkins, WG. 1995. Introduction to Plant Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, USA.

·         Lawlor and David, W. 2001. Photosynthesis. Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.

·         Lea, PJ and Leegood, RC. 1999. Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

·         Mohr, H and Schopfer, P. 1995. Plant Physiology. Springer- Verlag, Berlin, Germany.

·         Pandey, BP. 1998. Plant Physiology. Vikas Publishing House.

·         Salisbury, FB and Ross, CW. 1992. Plant Physiology (4th edition). Wadsworth Publishing Co., California, USA.

·         Sands. 1995. Problems in Plant Physiology. John Murray, London.

·         Srivastava, HN. 2006. Pradeep’s Botany Vol. V. Pradeep Publications, Jalandhar.

·         Taiz and Lincoln. 2003. Plant Physiology. Panima Publishing Co., New Delhi.

·         Taiz, L and Zieger, E. 1998. Plant Physiology (2nd edition). Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers Massachusetts, USA.

Verma, SK. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. S. Chand & Sons, New Delhi

Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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