Plant Physiology and Biochemistry I

Paper Code: 
BOT 223
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To study the vital activites in plant and study of various metabolic activities in plants

 

9.00
Unit I: 
Plant-Water relations

 Membrane transport: Water potential and its relations, Soil Plant Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC), transpiration.

Mineral Nutrition: Role of micro and macro elements, chelating reagents, mechanism of phloem transport, translocation of sugars.                                                                                                                                                         

14.00
Unit II: 
Photosynthesis

Photosynthetic pigments , absorption and action spectrum, photo-oxidation, non-cyclic and cyclic transportation of electrons, proton gradient and photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle, structure of RUBISCO and regulation of its activity, control of Calvin cycle , C4 pathway and its significance, CAM pathway, differences between C3 and C4 plants and photorespiration

14.00
Unit III: 
Respiration and Nitrogen Metabolism

 Anaerobic and aerobic respiration, fermentation, Respiratory Quotients, glycolysis,  regulation of glycolysis, regulation of TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glyoxylate pathway, gluconeogenesis.

Nitrogen cycle, Nitrogen fixation, importance of nitrate reductase and its regulation , Nod factor,  nif and nod genes, glutamate D dehydrogenase reaction.                                                                                                             

9.00
Unit IV: 
Signal transduction and Stress physiology:

 Receptors: ion channel , G-proteins and enzyme linked, calcium-calmodulin cascade,  signal transduction mechanisms with special reference to plant growth regulators.           Plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, plant defense mechanisms against water stress, salinity stress, metal toxicity, freezing and heat stress, Role of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid

                                                                                                                                                                                                    

 

14.00
Unit V: 
Growth and Development and Photobiology

 Plant growth regulators- Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Abscisic acid, Ethylene, – chemistry, biosynthesis, bioassay, mechanism of action and their physiological roles.

Phytochromes and Cryptochromes – their discovery, physiological roles and mechanism of action, Physiology of flowering : Photoperiodism and Vernalization, Circadian rhythms in plants.                                                                                (14 hours)

 

 

Essential Readings: 
  • Dennis, DT; Turpin, DH; Lefebvre, DD and Layzell (eds.). 1997. Plant.
  • Devlin. 1997. Plant Physiology. East-West Press Pvy. Ltd.
  • Metabolism (2nd edition). Longman, Essex, England.
  • Galston, AW. 1989. Life Processes in Plants. Scientific American Library.
  • Gosh, AK. 2005. Plant Physiology. New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd., Calcutta.
  • Hopkins, WG. 1995. Introduction to Plant Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, USA.
  • Lawlor and David, W. 2001. Photosynthesis. Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.
  • Lea, PJ and Leegood, RC. 1999. Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  • Mohr, H and Schopfer, P. 1995. Plant Physiology. Springer- Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
  • Pandey, BP. 1998. Plant Physiology. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Salisbury, FB and Ross, CW. 1992. Plant Physiology (4th edition). Wadsworth Publishing Co., California, USA.
  • Sands. 1995. Problems in Plant Physiology. John Murray, London.
  • Srivastava, HN. 2006. Pradeep’s Botany Vol. V. Pradeep Publications, Jalandhar.
  • Taiz and Lincoln. 2003. Plant Physiology. Panima Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  • Taiz, L and Zieger, E. 1998. Plant Physiology (2nd edition). Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers Massachusetts, USA.
  • Verma, SK. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. S. Chand & Sons, New Delhi.

 

 

 

 

 

 

References: 
  • Bajracharya, D. 2003. Experiments in Plant Physiology: A Laboratory Manual.
  • Bendre. 1995. A Text Book of Practical Botany. Rastogi Publications, Meerut.
  • Santra, SC. 2005. College Botany Practical Vol.II. New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd., Calcutta.
  • Pandey, BP and Chadha. 1997. Botany Vol. III. Vikas Publishing House.
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Academic Year: 
2017-2018
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