Paper IV: Phytochemistry (Advanced Paper II)

Introduction; methods of extraction and isolation; methods of separation; methods of identification; Result analysis.

Definition, natural sources, classification, extraction, separation and characterization of Phenylpropanoids, (Hydroxycinnamic acids, Coumarins, Lignans and phenylpropenes). Flavanoids (Anthocyanins, Flavones, Flavonones, Flavonols, Chalcones). 

Definition, natural sources, classification, extraction, separation and characterization of Terpenoids (Monoterpenoids,, Sesquiterpenoids, Diterpenoids, Sterols, cardiac glycosides, Saponins, Carotenoids and Volatile Oils).    

Definition, natural sources, classification, extraction, separation and characterization of alkaloids  (Quinoline, isoquinoline, tropane, pyridine, purine, imidazole and indole).

Production of secondary metabolites from plant cell culture; processes for enhancing the secondary metabolites , bioreactor system and modules for mass multiplication