Hierarchy of Lower Plants

Paper Code: 
BOT 123
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To understand the evolution of different groups of lower plants and their economic importance.

 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Algae and Bryophytes

 A general account along with classification, structure, function, reproduction, economic importance and evolutionary history.

Indian contributors in the field of Phycology and Bryology. A brief account of Palaeobotanical evidence of Algae and Bryophytes.

                                                                                                                                                                       

12.00
Unit II: 
Lichens and Cyanobacteria

 

Lichens: Classification, nature of association, distribution and types, nutrition and reproduction of lichen thalli; Role of lichens in succession, anti-microbial properties of lichens, lichens as bio indicators of air pollution, economic importance of lichens.

Cyanobacteria: Classification, structure and reproduction, origin and affinities with bacteria; economic importance and their role in improving soil fertility.

General characters, life history and economic importance of Scytonema and Rivularia

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Algae

 General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of  

Prochlorophyta :  Prochloron

Chlorophyta      : Chlorella, Coleochaete

 Xanthophyta    :  Vaucheria

 Phaeophyta      :  Laminaria

 Rhodophyta      :  Ceramium

                                                                                                                                                                      

                

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Bryophytes

General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of

Hepaticopsida        : Plagiochasma, Takakia

Anthocerotopsida   :  Notothylus

Bryopsida               :  Polytrichum

                                           

12.00
Unit V: 
Recent trends in Phycology and Bryology

 Algae as a rich source of protein (SCP), algae in space, algae as biofertilizers, algal blooms, algae in food and industry, algae in pharmaceuticals and parasitic algae. Benthic macroalgae and factors affecting their environment.

Economic Importance of Bryophytes with special reference to Ecology, as pollution indicators and in monitoring pollution, anti microbial properties of bryophytes, geobotanical prospects.                                                                                                        

Essential Readings: 

 

  • Clifton, A. 1958. Introduction to the Bacteria, McGraw Hill & Co.,New York
  • Jayaraman, Jaishree. Fundamentals of Plant Bacteriology. Kalyani Publishers
  • Kumar, HD. 1958. Introductory Phycology. Affiliated East-West Press Ltd., New Delhi.             
  • Mandahar, CL. 1978. Introduction to Plant Virus. Chand and Co. Ltd., Delhi
  • Morris, I. 1986. An Introduction to Algae. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
  • Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PC. 1998. A Text Book of Algae. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Parihar, NS. 1991. Bryophyta. Central Book Depot, Allahabad.    
  • Puri, P. 1980. Bryophyta. Atma Ram & Sons, Delhi.
  • Round, FE. 1986. The Biology of Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Sarabhai and Arora. 1998. Textbook of Algae.Anmol Publications, New Delhi.           
  • Smith, GM. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. I. Algae and Fungi. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  • Smith, GM. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. II. Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi
  • Sharma, OP. 1992. Text Book of Thallophytes. McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  • Trivedi, PC; Sharma, N; Dhankher, RS and Gupta, S. 2003. Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
  • Vasishtha, PC. Algae Rev. 9th. S. Chand & Co., Delhi.
  • Verma, HN. 2003. Basics of Plant Virology. Oxford & IBH Publishing H

 

               

 

References: 
  • Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PS. 1997. Botany Vol. I(10th edition). Vikas Publishing House.
  • Pandey, BP; Misra; Trivedi, PS. 1997. Botany Vol. II. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Pandey, BP and Chadha. 1997. Botany Vol. III. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Santra, SC and Chatterjee. 2005. College Botany Practical Vol. I. New Central

      Book Agency (P) Ltd.   

  • Kumar, S and Kashyap. 2003. Manual of Practical Algae. Campus Books

      International, New Delhi     

Academic Year: 
2016-2017
  • Printer-friendly version
  • PDF version