Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Palaeobotany

Paper Code: 
BOT 221
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course aims at providing relevant information about Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms along with their evolutionary history, their phylogenetic relationships and fossil wealth of the world.

 

 

10.00
Unit I: 
Pteridophytes I

General characters, classification, telome theory, stelar system and evolution of stele, apogamy, apospory, origin of seed habit and heterospory.

                                                                                                                                                                     

16.00
Unit II: 
Pteridophytes II

 General characters, classification, structure, economic importance and life history of-

Psilopsida: Tmesipteris

Lycopsida: Lycopodium, Isoetes

Sphenopsida: Equisetum

Pteropsida: Osmunda, Ophioglossum

8.00
Unit III: 
Gymnosperm I

 

Introduction, general characters, classification, evolution of gymnosperms, distribution of gymnosperms in India, affinities of gymnosperms with angiosperms, pteridophytes and pteridosperms.

                                                                                                                                                                        

 

                                                                                                                                                                                          

 

17.00
Unit IV: 
Gymnosperm II

 Important characters, classification, structure, economic importance and life history of:  Cycadales, Ginkgoales, Coniferales, Ephedrales, Welwitschiales and Gnetales.

9.00
Unit V: 
Palaeobotany

Types of fossils, geological time scale. Brief account of Rhynia and Psilophyton. Pteridospermales (Glossopteridaceae) Cycadeoidales, Cordaitales and Pentoxylales. Contribution of Birbal Sahani in Palaeobotany.                                              

Essential Readings: 
  • Bhatnagar, SP and Moitra, A. 1996. Gymnosperms. New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
  • Moitra, A. 2003. Gymnosperms. New Age International (P) Ltd.
  • Parihar, NS. 1996. [Biology and Morphology of Pteridophytes. Central Book Depot, Allahabad.
  • Purohit and Vyas. 1997.  A Text Book of Gymnosperms. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
  • Sharma, OP. 1990. Text Book of Pteridophyta. McMillan India Ltd., New Delhi.
  • Singh, H. 1978. Embryology of Gymnosperms. Encyclopaedia of Plant Anatomy X. Gebruder Bortraeger, Berlin.
  • Smith, GM. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany, Vol. II Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  • Sporne, KR. 1965. The Morphology of Gymnosperms. Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., London.
  • Sporne, KK. 1991. The Morphology of Pteridophytes. BI Publishing Pvt. Ltd., Bombay.
  • Stewart, WN and Rathwell, GW. 1993. Paleobotany and the Evolution of plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Trivedi, PC; Sharma, N; Dhanker, RS and Gupta, S. 2003. Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
  • Vasishtha, PC. 2004. Gymnosperms Vol.V. S. Chand & Co., Delhi.
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References: 
  • Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PS. 1997. Botany Vol. I(10th edition). Vikas Publishing House.
  • Pandey, BP; Misra; Trivedi, PS. 1997. Botany Vol. II. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Pandey, BP and Chadha. 1997. Botany Vol. III. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Santra, SC and Chatterjee. 2005. College Botany Practical Vol. I. New Central

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Academic Year: 
2016-2017
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