Practical

Paper Code: 
BOT 403
Credits: 
2
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to-

  1. To develop skills related to morphological observations and Anatomical differentiation of plant parts and tissues

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Course Outcomes

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

BOT 403

 

Practical

On completion of this course, the students will be able to;

CO62:  Field study of a floristic rich area under supervision to observe and collect the plants in their natural habitats.

CO63: Exploration of gross anatomical details of cells, tissues and various other organs of plants.

CO64:  Learn about the anomalous structure: Primary and secondary growth in stems

CO65: Conceptual learning from permanent preparation of slides like Anther, Male gametophyte, different types of Ovules.

CO66: Basic knowledge about the plant specimen from members of locally available Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous families

CO67: Learn how to describe the specimens with preparation of keys up to generic level of locally available plants

 

 

Substantial laboratory-based practical component and experiments

 

Technology-enabled learning

 

Field-based learning

Project-based learning

 

Practical assignments and laboratory reports

Observation of practical skills

Individual and group project reports

Viva voce interviews are majorly adopted assessment methods

 

 
 

 

 

 

  • To study the body plan of a dicotyledonous plant.
  • Study of primary and secondary growth in root and stem of monocots and dicots by section cutting and permanent slides.
  • Study of internal structure of dicot and monocot leaves. Study of structure and development of stomata.
  • Field study of various life forms exhibited by flowering plants and study of diversity in leaf shape, size and other foliar features.
  • To study monopodial and sympodial branching.
  • L.S. shoot tip to study cytohistological zonation and origin of leaf buttresses.
  • L.S. root tip to study different primordial and structure of root cap and root hair.
  • Study of anomalous secondary growth in Boerhaavia, Bignonia, Bougainvillea, Leptadenia, Salvadora, Nyctanthes and Dracaena.
  • Structure of anther, microsporogenesis and pollen grains. Calculation of pollen viability percentage using in vitro pollen germination techniques.
  • Structure of ovule and embyo sac development (through slides).
  • Study of embryo development in monocots and dicots.
  • Vegetative propagation by means of cutting, budding and grafting exercises.
  • Study of seed germination.
  • Field study for identification, collection and preservation of plant material.
  • Preparation of herbarium.
  • Study of flora, monographs,icons, manuals and indexes.
  • Study of the following plants (any one from each family); Ranunculaceae: Ranunculus, Delphinium; Brassicaceae: Brassica, Iberis; Malvaceae: Hibiscus, Althea, Abutilon.; Rutaceae:  Murraya, Citrus; Papilllionaceae: Pisum, Lathyrus; Ceasalpiniaceae: Bauhinia, Cassia; Mimosaceae: Acacia, Mimosa; Apiaceae: Coriandrum, Foeniculum; Asteraceae: Helianthus, Tridex, Sonchus; Apocyanaceae: Nerium, Catharanthus, Tabernaemontana, Thevetia; Asclepiadaceae: Calotropis; Solanaceae: Solanum, Cestrum, Datura, Petunia; Acanthaceae: Adhatoda, Peristrophe; Lamiaceae: Ocimum, Salvia; Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia, Phyllanthus, Ricinus.; Liliaceae: Asphodelus, Asparagus; Poaceae: Avena, Hordeum, Triticum, Zea, Sorghum

 

 

Essential Readings: 
  • Bendre. 1995. A Text Book of Practical Botany. Rastogi Publications, Meerut.
  • Pandey, BP; Misra; Trivedi, P.S. 1997. Botany Vol. II. Vikas Publishing House. Pandey, BP and Chadha. 1997. Botany Vol. III. Vikas Publishing House

 

 

Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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