Practical

Suggested exercises:

• To study the body plan of a dicotyledonous plant.
• Study of primary and secondary growth in root and stem of monocots and dicots by section cutting and permanent slides.
• Study of internal structure of dicot and monocot leaves. Study of structure and development of stomata.
• Field study of various life forms exhibited by flowering plants and study of diversity in leaf shape, size and other foliar features.
• To study monopodial and sympodial branching.
• L.S. shoot tip to study cytohistological zonation and origin of leaf buttresses.
• L.S. root tip to study different primordial and structure of root cap and root hair.
• Study of anomalous secondary growth in Boerhaavia, Bignonia, Bougainvillea, Leptadenia, Salvadora, Nyctanthes and Dracaena.
• Structure of anther, microsporogenesis and pollen grains. Calculation of pollen viability percentage using in vitro pollen germination techniques.
• Structure of ovule and embyo sac development (through slides).
• Study of embryo development in monocots and dicots.
• Vegetative propagation by means of cutting, budding and grafting exercises.
• Study of seed germination.
• Field study for identification, collection and preservation of plant material.
• Preparation of herbarium.
• Study of flora, monographs,icons, manuals and indexes.
• Study of the following plants (any one from each family)
• Ranunculaceae: Ranunculus, Delphinium. Brassicaceae: Brassica, Iberis, Malvaceae: Hibiscus, Althea, Abutilon, Rutaceae:  Murraya, Citrus, Papilllionaceae: Pisum, Lathyrus, Ceasalpiniaceae: Bauhinia, Cassia, Mimosaceae: Acacia, Mimosa, Apiaceae: Coriandrum, Foeniculum, Asteraceae: Helianthus, Tridex, Sonchus, Apocyanaceae: Nerium, Catharanthus, Tabernaemontana, Thevetia, Asclepiadaceae: Calotropis, Solanaceae: Solanum, Cestrum, Datura, Petunia. Acanthaceae: Adhatoda, Peristrophe, Lamiaceae: Ocimum, Salvia. Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia, Phyllanthus, Ricinus, Liliaceae: Asphodelus, Asparagus, Poaceae: Avena, Hordeum, Triticum, Zea, Sorghum
• Economic Botany