Hierarchy of Lower Plants

Paper Code: 
24BOT123
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
  1. To understand the evolution of different groups of lower plants and their economic importance.
  2. To acquire knowledge about the diversity of lower forms of plant kingdom.
  3. To transmit information about applied aspects of the organisms listed in the syllabus
  4. To study the specified forms in natural conditions (field trips) as well as in the laboratory.

 

Course Outcomes: 

Course

Course Outcomes

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course Title

24BOT122

 

Cytology and Genetics

 

CO7: Critically evaluate and analyze the structure and packaging of DNA and proteins and understand its applications.

CO8: Understand the genomes of virus, bacteria and eukaryotic organisms to interpret pathology of chromosomes, role and functions of mobile genetic elements.

CO9: Understand, analyse & apply the knowledge on  gene organization for solving experimental and theoretical problems involving gene regulation

CO10: Understand and evaluate types of mutations to critically analyse the role of mutagens, proto-oncogene and oncogenes in mutagenesis and understand the mechanism of sex determination and extrachromosomal inheritance pattern in different organisms.

CO11: Apply and understand various methods of Genetic mapping by using genetic markers-RFLP, RAPD, SNPs and understand their role.

CO 12 Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.

Approach in Teaching:

Interactive-

Lectures

Group

Discussion

Demonstration

Learning Activities for the students:

Class lectures

Seminars

Symposiums

Debate Brain storming

Concept mapping

 

 

Class test, Quiz, Assignments, virtual classroom tools – Kahoot, creating charts,

Graphical representations

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Lichens and Cyanobacteria

                                                                      

Lichens: Classification, nature of association, distribution and types, nutrition and reproduction of lichen thalli; Role of lichens in succession, anti-microbial properties of lichens, lichens as bio indicators of air pollution, economic importance of lichens.

Cyanobacteria: Classification, structure and reproduction, origin and affinities with bacteria; economic importance and their role in improving soil fertility.

General characters, life history and economic importance of Scytonema and Rivularia

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Algae and Bryophytes

 

A general account along with classification, structure, range of thallus, reproduction and evolutionary history.

Indian contributors in the field of Phycology and Bryology. A brief account of Palaeobotanical evidence of Algae and Bryophytes.                                                                                                                                    

12.00
Unit III: 
Algae

 

General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of  

Prochlorophyta: Prochloron

Chlorophyta: Chlorella, Coleochaete

Xanthophyta: Vaucheria

Phaeophyta:  Laminaria

Rhodophyta:  Ceramium

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Bryophytes

 

General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of Hepaticopsida: Plagiochasma, Anthocerotopsida:  Notothylus

Bryopsida:  Polytrichum, Takakia.

12.00
Unit V: 
Recent trends in Phycology and Bryology

 

Algae as a rich source of protein (SCP), algae in space, algae as biofertilizers, algal blooms, algae in food and industry, algae in pharmaceuticals and parasitic algae. Benthic algae and factors affecting their environment.

Economic Importance of Bryophytes with special reference to Ecology, as pollution indicators and in monitoring pollution, antimicrobial properties of bryophytes, geobotanical prospects.                                                                   

Essential Readings: 
  • Fritsch, F. E. (1977). The structure and reproduction of the algae. Cambridge, Eng: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kumar, H. D. (1999). Introductory Phycology. New Delhi: Affiliated East-West Press Private.
  • Vashishta, B.R. (2005) Bryophyta Reprint S.Chand and Co. Limited.
  • Vashishta, B.R. (2005) Algae Reprint S.Chand and Co. Limited.
  • Morris, I. (1986). An Introduction to Algae Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK
  • Sharma, O. P. (2007). Textbook of algae. New Delhi [etc.: Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing.
  • Parihar, N. S. (1970). Bryophyta. Allahabad: Central Book depot. (Reprint)
  • Puri, P. 1980. Bryophyta. Atma Ram & Sons, Delhi.
  • Smith, Gilbert T. M. (1955). Cryptogamic botany. New York [U.A.]: McGraw-Hill.

 

References: 

Suggested Readings:

  • Verma, J. P., Jayaraman, J. (2002). Fundamentals of Plant acteriology. India: Kalyani.
  • Pandey, BP and Trivedi, P.S. 1998. A Text Book of Algae. Vikas Publishing House.
  • Tortora, G. J., Funke, B. R., & Case, C. L. (2021). Microbiology: An introduction. Harlow : Pearson education Limited, [2021]
  • Round, F E. 1986. The Biology of Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  • Jain, Singh, Pande ; 2014. A Textbook of Botany;  Rastogi Publications

 

e-Resources:

 

Journals:

  • Algal Research (Elsevier)
  • International Journal on Algae (Begell House)
  • Journal of Phycology (Phycological Society of America)
  • Journal of Bryology(Taylor-Francis)
  • Advances in Research with Bryophytes(MDPI)

 

Academic Year: 
2024-2025
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