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Hierarchy of Lower Plants
This course will enable the students to –
- To understand the evolution of different groups of lower plants and their economic importance.
- To acquire knowledge about the diversity of lower forms of plant kingdom.
- To transmit information about applied aspects of the organisms listed in the syllabus
- To study the specified forms in natural conditions (field trips) as well as in the laboratory.
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Course |
Course Outcome |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Paper Code |
Paper Title |
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BOT123
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Hierarchy of Lower Plants |
On completion of this course, the students will be able to; CO11: Develop an understanding of Algae and Bryophytes CO12: Develop critical understanding on morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Bryophytes. CO13: Understanding of plant evolution and their transition to land habitat. CO14: Apply the knowledge to economic utilisation of these life forms such as viruses, bacteria, algae in day to day life |
Class lectures Seminars Tutorials Group discussions and Workshops Question preparation
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Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects |
UNIT I
Lichens and Cyanobacteria
Lichens: Classification, nature of association, distribution and types, nutrition and reproduction of lichen thalli; Role of lichens in succession, anti-microbial properties of lichens, lichens as bio indicators of air pollution, economic importance of lichens.
Cyanobacteria: Classification, structure and reproduction, origin and affinities with bacteria; economic importance and their role in improving soil fertility.
General characters, life history and economic importance of Scytonema and Rivularia
UNIT II
Algae and Bryophytes: A general account along with classification, structure, range of thallus, reproduction and evolutionary history.
Indian contributors in the field of Phycology and Bryology. A brief account of Palaeobotanical evidence of Algae and Bryophytes.
Algae: General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of
Prochlorophyta: Prochloron
Chlorophyta: Chlorella, Coleochaete
Xanthophyta: Vaucheria
Phaeophyta: Laminaria
Rhodophyta: Ceramium
UNIT IV
Bryophytes: general characters, classification, life history and economic importance of
Hepaticopsida: Plagiochasma, Takakia
Anthocerotopsida: Notothylus
Bryopsida: Polytrichum
UNIT V
Recent trends in Phycology and Bryology:- Algae as a rich source of protein (SCP), algae in space, algae as biofertilizers, algal blooms, algae in food and industry, algae in pharmaceuticals and parasitic algae. Benthic algae and factors affecting their environment.
Economic Importance of Bryophytes with special reference to Ecology, as pollution indicators and in monitoring pollution, antimicrobial properties of bryophytes, geobotanical prospects.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
- Chattopadhyay, SB. Principles and Procedures of Plant Protection (3rd edition). Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
- Jayaraman, Jaishree. Fundamentals of Plant Bacteriology. Kalyani Publishers.
- Kumar, HD. 1999. Introductory Phycology. 2nd edition. 2/E Pb Paperback – 1 New Delhi.
- Morris, I. 1986. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK. An Introduction to Algae
- Microbiology: An Introduction. 2018; (13th Edition) by Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
- O P Sharma, 2014; Bryophyta: Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams, McGraw Hill Education
- Jain Singh, Pande; 2014. A Textbook of Botany; Rastogi Publications
- Pandey, BP and Trivedi, P.S. 1998. A Text Book of Algae. Vikas Publishing House.
- Introduction Embryophyta Bryophyta, 2013; Vol. I PB, by Parihar N S: SURJEET PUBLICATIONS-DELHI; FIFTH EDITION edition.
- Puri, P. 1980. Bryophyta. Atma Ram & Sons, Delhi.
- Round, FE. 1986. The Biology of Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
