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Hierarchy of Lower Plants
Course Objectives:
This course will enable the students to –
- To understand the evolution of different groups of lower plants and their economic importance.
- To acquire knowledge about the diversity of lower forms of plant kingdom.
- To transmit information about applied aspects of the organisms listed in the syllabus
- To study the specified forms in natural conditions (field trips) as well as in the laboratory.
Course Outcomes (COs):
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Course |
Course Outcome |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Paper Code |
Paper Title |
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BOT123
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Hierarchy of Lower Plants |
CO11: Demonstrate an understanding of Algae and Bryophytes CO12: Develop critical understanding on morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Bryophytes. CO13: Understanding of plant evolution and their transition to land habitat. CO14: Increase the awareness and appreciation of human friendly viruses, bacteria, algae and their economic importance |
Class lectures Seminars Tutorials Group discussions and Workshops Question preparation
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Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects |
Lichens: Classification, nature of association, distribution and types, nutrition and reproduction of lichen thalli; Role of lichens in succession, anti-microbial properties of lichens, lichens as bio indicators of air pollution, economic importance of lichens.
Cyanobacteria: Classification, structure and reproduction, origin and affinities with bacteria; economic importance and their role in improving soil fertility.
General characters, life history and economic importance of Scytonema and Rivularia
A general account along with classification, structure, range of thallus, reproduction and evolutionary history.
Indian contributors in the field of Phycology and Bryology. A brief account of Palaeobotanical evidence of Algae and Bryophytes.
General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of
Prochlorophyta : Prochloron
Chlorophyta : Chlorella, Coleochaete
Xanthophyta : Vaucheria
Phaeophyta : Laminaria
Rhodophyta : Ceramium
General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of
Hepaticopsida : Plagiochasma, Takakia
Anthocerotopsida : Notothylus
Bryopsida : Polytrichum
Recent trends in Phycology and Bryology:- Algae as a rich source of protein (SCP), algae in space, algae as biofertilizers, algal blooms, algae in food and industry, algae in pharmaceuticals and parasitic algae. Benthic algae and factors affecting their environment.
Economic Importance of Bryophytes with special reference to Ecology, as pollution indicators and in monitoring pollution, antimicrobial properties of bryophytes, geobotanical prospects.
· Clifton, A. 1958. Introduction to the Bacteria, McGraw Hill & Co.,New York
· Jayaraman, Jaishree. Fundamentals of Plant Bacteriology. Kalyani Publishers
· Kumar, HD. 1958. Introductory Phycology. Affiliated East-West Press Ltd., New Delhi.
· Morris, I. 1986. An Introduction to Algae. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
· Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PC. 1998. A Text Book of Algae. Vikas Publishing House.
· Parihar N.S. 1991. Bryophyta. Central Book Depot, Allahabad.
· Puri P. 1980. Bryophyta. Atma Ram & Sons, Delhi.
· Round F.E. 1986. The Biology of Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
· Sarabhai and Arora. 1998. Textbook of Algae Anmol Publications, New Delhi.
· Smith, G.M. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. I. Algae and Fungi. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
· Smith, G.M. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. II. Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi
· Sharma, O.P. 1992. Text Book of Thallophytes. McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
· Trivedi, P.C.; Sharma, N; Dhankher, RS and Gupta, S. 2003. Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
· Vasishtha, B.R. Algae Rev. 9th Ed. S. Chand & Co., Delhi.
Vasishtha, B.R. Bryophyta (Rev.) S. Chand & Co., Delhi.
