Hierarchy of Lower Plants

Paper Code: 
BOT 123
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To understand the evolution of different groups of plants and their economic importance.

12.00
Unit I: 

Algae and Bryophytes: A general account along with classification, structure, function, reproduction, economic importance and evolutionary history. Indian contributors in the field of Phycology and Bryology. A brief account of Palaeobotanical evidence of Algae and Bryophytes.

12.00
Unit II: 

Lichens and Cyanobacteria:

Lichens: Classification, nature of association, distribution and types, nutrition and reproduction of lichen thalli; Role of lichens in succession, anti-microbial properties of lichens, lichens as bio indicators of air pollution, economic importance of lichens. Cyanobacteria: Classification, structure and reproduction, origin and affinities with bacteria; economic importance and their role in improving soil fertility. General characters, life history and economic importance of Scytonema and Rivularia

12.00
Unit III: 

Algae : General characters, classification, life history and economic importance of   
Prochlorophyta :  Prochloron
Chlorophyta      : Chlorella, Coleochaete
 Xanthophyta    :  Vaucheria
 Phaeophyta      :  Laminaria
 Rhodophyta      :  Ceramium
 

12.00
Unit IV: 

Bryophytes: general characters, classification, life history and economic importance of
Hepaticopsida        : Plagiochasma, Takakia
Anthocerotopsida   :  Notothylus
Bryopsida               :  Polytrichum

12.00
Unit V: 

Recent treds in Phycology and Bryology:- Algae as a rich source of protein (SCP), algae in space, algae as biofertilizers, algal blooms, algae in food and industry, algae in pharmaceuticals and parasitic algae. Benthic macroalgae and factors affecting their environment.
Economic Importance of Bryophytes with special reference to Ecology, as pollution indicators and in monitoring pollution, anti microbial properties of bryophytes, geobotanical prospects.                                                                   
 

References: 
  1. Clifton, A. 1958. Introduction to the Bacteria, McGraw Hill & Co.,New York
  2. Jayaraman, Jaishree. Fundamentals of Plant Bacteriology. Kalyani Publishers
  3. Kumar, HD. 1958. Introductory Phycology. Affiliated East-West Press Ltd., New Delhi.              
  4. Mandahar, CL. 1978. Introduction to Plant Virus. Chand and Co. Ltd., Delhi
  5. Morris, I. 1986. An Introduction to Algae. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
  6. Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PC. 1998. A Text Book of Algae. Vikas Publishing House.
  7. Parihar, NS. 1991. Bryophyta. Central Book Depot, Allahabad.     
  8. Puri, P. 1980. Bryophyta. Atma Ram & Sons, Delhi.
  9. Round, FE. 1986. The Biology of Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  10. Sarabhai and Arora. 1998. Textbook of Algae.Anmol Publications, New Delhi.            
  11. Smith, GM. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. I. Algae and Fungi. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  12. Smith, GM. 1971. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. II. Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi
  13. Sharma, OP. 1992. Text Book of Thallophytes. McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
  14. Trivedi, PC; Sharma, N; Dhankher, RS and Gupta, S. 2003. Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
  15. Vasishtha, PC. Algae Rev. 9th. S. Chand & Co., Delhi.
  16. Verma, HN. 2003. Basics of Plant Virology. Oxford & IBH Publishing House

Laboratory Readings

  1. Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PS. 1997. Botany Vol. I(10th edition). Vikas Publishing House.
  2. Pandey, BP; Misra; Trivedi, PS. 1997. Botany Vol. II. Vikas Publishing House.
  3. Pandey, BP and Chadha. 1997. Botany Vol. III. Vikas Publishing House.
  4. Santra, SC and Chatterjee. 2005. College Botany Practical Vol. I. New Centra Book Agency (P) Ltd.    
  5. Kumar, S and Kashyap. 2003. Manual of Practical Algae. Campus Books International, New Delhi
     
Academic Year: 
2018-2019
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