GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING

Paper Code: 
24DBOT501B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to-

  1. To develop an understanding, the basic concepts of genetics, helping students to develop their analytical, quantitative and problem-solving skills from classical to molecular genetics.
  2. To impart theoretical knowledge and practical skills about plant breeding objectives, modes of reproduction and genetic consequences, breeding methods for crop improvement.

 

 

Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning Outcome

(at course level)

Learning and Teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course title

24DBOT501B

 

GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING

 

CO41: Create an understanding of mendelisms, gene interactions and sex related traits.

CO42:  Develop the knowledge regarding genetic barriers to gene flow that exists between species and understand mutations and causes for genetic disorders.

CO43: The factors for the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, develop an understanding for lytic and lysogenic cycles of bacteriophages.

CO44: Improve the knowledge about extra nuclear genetic material and understand the inheritance pattern from standard mendelian model.

CO45:  Understand the concept of plant breeding, and assess its use in the production of improved crop quality crops.

CO46: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.

Approach in teaching: Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching

Learning activities for the student:

Self-learning assignment, Effective questions, Stimulation, Seminar presentation

Class test, Semester end examinations,

Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects
 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Genetic Inheritance

Mendelism, laws of inheritance, Gene interactions: allelic and non-allelic; linkage and crossing over, multiple alleles, sex determination, sex linked, sex influenced, sex limited traits.

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Chromosomal variations

Chromosomal aberrations, duplication, deficiency, inversion and translocation, changes in chromosome number: haploids, aneuploids and polyploids, autopolyploids and allopolyploids, monosomics and trisomics. Mutations- spontaneous and induced, physical and chemical mutagens, related genetic disorders- Turner’s syndrome, Down’s syndrome, Kleinfelter’s syndrome, Cri-du –chat syndrome, Triple X syndrome. 

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Gene expression

Gene fine structure- muton, recon, cistron, introns and their role in genetics, regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes: lac operon and tryptophan operon, regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes: multigene families, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, enhancers, alternate splicing, lytic and lysogenic cycle in bacteriophages. 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Extra nuclear genome

Genetics of mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA- structure, functions and inheritance, plasmids; maternal effects and cytoplasmic inheritance, cytoplasmic male sterility. 

 

12.00
Unit V: 
Plant Breeding

 Introduction to plant breeding: Plant introduction, acclimatization domestication and plant quarantine; Methods of plant breeding; selection - mass, pureline and clonal, pedigree analysis, hybridization, heterosis and inbreeding depression

 

 

Essential Readings: 
  • Chaudhari, H. K. (1984). Elementary principles of plant breeding. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.
  • Chopra, V. L. (2021). Plant Breeding: Theory and Practice: 2nd Restructured Ed. New India Publishing Agency (NIPA.
  • Chopra, V. L., Malik, V. S., & Bhat, S. R. (2000). Applied plant biotechnology. New Hampshire: Science Publishers.
  • Devi, P. (2007). Principles and methods in plant molecular biology, biochemistry and genetics. Jodhpur: Agrobios (India.
  • Babcock, E. B. (2013). Genetics and plant breeding. Jodhpur: Agrobios (India.
  • P.K. Gupta. Cytology Genetics Evolution and Plant Breeding. (2002). India: Rastogi Publications.
  • Gupta, P. K. (2008). Plant Breeding. India: Rastogi Publications.
  • Gurdarshan S. Sandhu, M. P. A. (2015). Genetics. India: Himalaya Publishing House.
  • Sharma, J. R. (1997). Principles and Practice of Plant Breeding. India: Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company.
  • Sinha, U., & Sinha, S. (2003). Cytogenetics, plant breeding and evolution. New Delhi: Vikas Pub. House.
  • Singh, A., Singh, B. (2015). Marker-Assisted Plant Breeding: Principles and Practices. India: Springer India.
  • Sharma, R., & Sharma, P. C. (1969). Cytogenetics: Plant breeding and evolution. Locknow: Shashidhar Malaviya Prakashan.

 

 

References: 
  • Auerbach, C., & Auerbach, I. G. (1969). The science of genetics. London: Hutchinson.
  • Burns, G. W., & Bottinho, P. J. 6th edition. (1989). The science of genetics. New York: Macmillan.
  • Charlotte Auerbach. The Science of Genetics. (2021). Creative Media Partners, LLC. 
  • Allard, R. W., Allard, R. W. (1999). Principles of Plant Breeding. United Kingdom: Wiley.
  • Acquaah, G. (2020). Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding. United Kingdom: Wiley.
  • Gosal, S. S., Chahal, G. S. (2002). Principles and procedures of plant breeding: biotechnological and conventional approaches. India: CRC Press.
  • Simmons, M. J., Snustad, D. P. (2015). Principles of Genetics. India: Wiley.
  • Sinnott, W., Dobzhansky, T., Dunn, L. C., Dobzhansky, T. G., Sinnott, E. W. (1958). Principles of Genetics. Japan: McGraw-Hill.
  • Brown, J., Caligari, P. D. S., Campos, H. A., & Brown, J. (2014). Plant breeding. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell, 2014. ©2014.
  • Klug, W. S., Cummings, M. R. (2003). Concepts of genetics. Italy: Prentice Hall.
  • Klug, W. S. (2012). Concepts of Genetics. India: Pearson Education.
  • Hartt, DL and Jones, EW. 1998. Genetics: Principles and Analysis (4th edition). Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Massachusetts, USA. Digitized (2008).
  • Hawkins, J. D. (1996). 3rd Edition. Gene structure and expression. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  • Russell, P. J. (2010). iGenetics: a molecular approach. UNITed Kingdom: Benjamin Cummings. Cummings Publishing Co. Inc., USA.
  • Sambamurty, A. V. S. S. (2007). Molecular genetics. Oxford: Alpha Science International.
  • Calendar, R., Stent, G. S. (2004). Molecular Genetics: An Introductory Narrative. India: CBS Publishers & Distributors.
  • Gardner. (2000) Genetics. John Wiley and Sones Inc., USA. 

 

e-Resources:

Journals:

  • PLOS Genetics (Public Library of Science)
  • Journal of Genetics (Springer)
  • Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Elsevier)
  • Genetics (Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press)
  • Plant Breeding (Wiley Online Library)
  • Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
  • Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop sciences (Academic Journals)

 

 

 

 

 

Academic Year: 
2024-2025
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