Cytology, Genetics and Cytogenetics

Paper Code: 
BOT 122
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To study the Mendelian as well as modern aspects of genetics with Cytogenetics.

12.00
Unit I: 
Chromatin organization

Chromosome structure, molecular organization of centromere and telomere, SMC proteins-Cohesin and Condensin proteins,  cot curve, Repetitive DNA, DNA methylation, specialized types of chromosomes: polytene and lampbrush, B-chromosomes.

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Genome anatomies

Genomes of Virus, Bacteria and Eukaryotic organisms; mobile genetic elements, transformation, conjugation and transduction in bacteria, cytoplasmic male sterility, Structural and numerical alternations in chromosomes , Robertsonian translocations, B-A translocations,  Alien gene transfer-examples from Triticum, Arachis and Brassica                

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Gene structure and expression

Fine structure of gene, translation, Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, significance of introns, Panoply of operon, catabolic repression, attenuation and antitermination, Gene silencing : RNAi, Antisense RNA.

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
Mutations

Spontaneous and induced mutations, physical and chemical mutagens, molecular basis of gene mutations, transposons, site-directed mutagenesis, protooncogenes and oncogenes , Sex determination, Sex linked inheritence, Sex limited characters                                                               

 

12.00
Unit V: 
Molecular Cytogenetics

Genetic mapping, genetic markers-RFLP, RAPD, SNPs.                                              Physical mapping- Restriction mapping, STS mapping and FISH

Essential Readings: 

 

  • Atherlt, AG; Girton, JR and McDonald, JF. 1999. The Science of Genetics. Saunders College Publishing. Fort Worth, USA
  • Chaudhary, HK. 1998. Elementary Principles of Plant Breeding. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  • Chopra, VL. 2003. Plant Breeding. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  • Devi and Pratibha. 2003. Principles and Methods of Plant Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Genetics. Agrobios, Jodhpur.
  • Gupta, PK. 1993. Plant Breeding. Rastogo Publications, Meerut. 
  • Hartt, DL and Jones, EW. 1998. Genetics: Principles and Analysis (4th edition). Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Massachusetts, USA.
  • Hawkins. Gene Structure and Expression. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
  • Kaushik, P. 2006. Cytology, Genetics & Evolution. Faculty of Distance Education, Gurukul Kangri University, Hardwar.      
  • Russel, PJ. 1998. Genetics. The Benjamin/ Cummings Publishing Co. Inc., USA.
  • Sharma. 1997. Plant Breeding. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  • Singh, BD. 2003. Plant Breeding. Kalyani Publishers.
  • Sinha. 1995. Cytogenetics, Plant Breeding and Evolution. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
  • Snustad, DP and Simmons, MJ. 2000. Principles of Genetics. John Wiley & Sons Inc., USA.
  • Srivastava and Tyagi. 1997. Selected Problems in Genetics Vol.III. Anmol Publications, New Delhi.
  • Stent, GS 1986. Molecular Genetics. CBS Publications, New Delhi.
  • Tyagi. 1996. Fundamentals of Cytogenetics, plant Breeding and Evolution. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.

 

 

Academic Year: 
2014-2015
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