Cytology, Genetics and Cytogenetics

Paper Code: 
BOT 122
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

To study the Mendelian as well as modern aspects of genetics with Cytogenetics.

12.00
Unit I: 

Chromatin organization : Chromosome structure, molecular organization of centromere and telomere, SMC proteins-Cohesin and Condensin proteins,  cot curve, Repetitive DNA, DNA methylation, specialized types of chromosomes: polytene and lampbrush, B-chromosomes.

12.00
Unit II: 

Genome anatomies : Genomes of Virus, Bacteria and Eukaryotic organisms;  mobile genetic elements, transformation, conjugation and transduction in bacteria, cytoplasmic male sterility, Structural and numerical alternations in chromosomes , Robertsonian translocations, B-A translocations,  Alien gene transfer-examples from Triticum, Arachis and Brassica              

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

12.00
Unit III: 

Gene structure and expression : Fine structure of gene, translation, Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, significance of introns, Panoply of operon, catabolic repression , attenuation and antitermination , Gene silencing : RNAi, Antisense RNA.

12.00
Unit IV: 

Mutations: Spontaneous and induced mutations, physical and chemical mutagens, molecular basis of gene mutations, transposons, site-directed mutagenesis , protooncogenes and oncogenes , Sex determination, Sex linked inheritence, Sex limited characters

12.00
Unit V: 

Molecular Cytogenetics:

 Genetic mapping –RFLP, RAPD and SNPs.

Physical Mapping – Restriction mapping, STS mapping and Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).                                                                                                                                                                           

 

 

References: 
  1. Atherlt, AG; Girton, JR and McDonald, JF. 1999. The Science of Genetics. Saunders College Publishing. Fort Worth, USA
  2. Chaudhary, HK. 1998. Elementary Principles of Plant Breeding. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  3. Chopra, VL. 2003. Plant Breeding. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  4. Devi and Pratibha. 2003. Principles and Methods of Plant Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Genetics. Agrobios, Jodhpur.
  5. Gupta, PK. 1993. Plant Breeding. Rastogo Publications, Meerut.  
  6. Hartt, DL and Jones, EW. 1998. Genetics: Principles and Analysis (4th edition). Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Massachusetts, USA.
  7. Hawkins. Gene Structure and Expression. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
  8. Kaushik, P. 2006. Cytology, Genetics & Evolution. Faculty of Distance Education, Gurukul Kangri University, Hardwar.    
  9. Russel, PJ. 1998. Genetics. The Benjamin/ Cummings Publishing Co. Inc.,USA.
  10. Sharma. 1997. Plant Breeding. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  11. Singh, BD. 2003. Plant Breeding. Kalyani Publishers.
  12. Sinha. 1995. Cytogenetics, Plant Breeding and Evolution. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
  13. Snustad, DP and Simmons, MJ. 2000. Principles of Genetics. John Wiley & Sons Inc., USA.
  14. Srivastava and Tyagi. 1997. Selected Problems in Genetics Vol.III. Anmol Publications, New Delhi.
  15. Stent, GS 1986. Molecular Genetics. CBS Publications, New Delhi.
  16. Tyagi. 1996. Fundamentals of Cytogenetics, plant Breeding and Evolution. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
  17.  
  18. Suggested Laboratory Readings-
  19. Pandey, BP and Trivedi, PC. 1997. Botany Vol. I(10th edition). Vikas Publishing   House.
  20. Pandey, BP; Misra; Trivedi, PC. 1997. Botany Vol. II. Vikas Publishing House.
  21. Pandey, BP and Chadha. 1997. Botany Vol. III. Vikas Publishing House
     
Academic Year: 
2018-2019
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