Coming soon
Cell and Molecular Biology
Course Objectives:
This course will enable the students to –
- To provide knowledge about the intricacies of life processes at the molecular and cellular level.
- To impart knowledge in theory and practice about cell structure, organelles and their functions, molecules like proteins and nucleic acids
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Course |
Course Outcome |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Paper Code |
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BOT121 |
Cell and Molecular Biology |
On completion of this course, the students will be able to; CO1: Explain and analyse structures and purposes of basic components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, with special reference to macromolecules, membranes, and organelles CO2: Recognize and infer mechanisms of cellular components to generate and utilize energy in cells CO3: Abstract and categorize responses of cell to environmental or physiological changes, or alterations of functions brought about by mutation. CO4: Clarifying the roles of checkpoints, Cyclin, Cdks, and MPF in cell cycle control |
Class lectures Seminars Tutorials Group discussions and Workshops Question preparation
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Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects |
UNIT I
Cell wall: Dynamic structure, functions and biogenesis of cell wall
Plasma membrane: Structure, membrane proteins, membrane dynamics (trans bilayer movement, FRAP), transport of molecules (passive diffusion, ion channels and pumps, active transport driven by ATP hydrolysis and endocytosis)
Plasmodesmata: Structure, functions, comparison with gap junctions.
Plant vacuole: Tonoplast membrane, vacuoles as multifunctional compartments, vacuoles as storage organelle.
UNIT II
Chloroplast: Structure, biogenesis, genome organization and nucleochloroplastic interactions
Mitochondria: Structure, genome organization and biogenesis.
Ribosomes: Structure, functions and biogenesis.
Other cellular organelles: Structure and functions of Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum.
Nucleus: Structure, nuclear pore complex, nucleolus and RNA processing
DNA: Structure, types (A, B and Z forms), replication, damage and repair mechanisms.
RNA: Structure and types of RNA, transcription, RNA splicing, RNA editing.
The cytoskeleton: structure and organization of actin filaments, role of actin and myosin in cell movement, intermediate filaments, organization of microtubules, microtubules motors and movement and cytoskeletal accessory proteins.
Protein sorting and transport: Targeting of proteins in endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplast and the mechanism of vesicular transport.
Cell cycle: Phases of cell cycle, cell cycle check points, families of cyclins and cyclins dependent kinases, DNA damage checkpoints, Cdk1/Cyclin B and progression to metaphase, progression to anaphase, cytokinesis and cell plate formation
Apoptosis and Programmed Cell Death: events of apoptosis, caspases, Bcl-2 family, regulation of apoptosis.
- Alberts, B; Bray, D; Lewis, J; Raff, M; Roberts, K and Watson, JD. 2008. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing Inc., New York.
- Buchanan, BB; Gruissem, W and Jones, RL. 2015. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants 2nd Edition. American Society of Plant Physiologists. Maryland, USA.
- Karp and Gerald. Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments (3rd edition). John Wiley & Sons.
- Kleinsmith, LJ and Kish, VM. 1997. Principles of Cell and Molecular Biology (2nd edition). Harper Collins College Publishers. New York, USA.
- Krishnamurthy, KV. 2019. Methods in Cell Wall Cytochemistry. CRC Press, Boca Raton; Florida.
